Abstract: To explore the competition and cooperation strategy between manufacturer and remanufacturer in Closed-Loop Supply Chain (CLSC) under the background of Design for Remanufacturing (DfRem),the two-period game models of competition model with patent protection,competition model without patent protection and cooperation model for manufacturers and remanufacturers were established.The research showed that remanufacturers would choose  cooperation only when they had owned patent rights,otherwise they choosed competition.Manufacturers tended to cooperate all the time,and they did not claim patent protection to resist the remanufacturer but used the patent rights to force the remanufacturers to cooperate with them when they own the patent rights.In cooperation mode,manufacturers would actively DfRem,and then the level of DfRem and manufacturers profit reached the highest,and the remanufacturers profit was higher than that in competition model with patent protection.The total profit of the CLSC was the lowest in the competition model without patent protection,and the highest in the cooperation model.It was necessary to avoid the vicious competition without patent protection,and promoted the cooperation to ensure the stable development of the supply chain system.

Key words: closed-loop supply chain, design for remanufacturing, competition, cooperation

摘要： 为探究再制造设计背景下闭环供应链中制造商与再制造商的竞合策略问题,在制造商开展再制造设计的情境下,分别建立了制造商与再制造商在专利保护的竞争模式、不具专利保护的竞争模式以及合作模式下的两周期博弈模型。采用逆向归纳和数值仿真比较了3种模式下的产品价格、再制造设计水平、回收率和利润等。研究表明:再制造商只有在制造商拥有专利权时才会选择合作,否则会选择竞争;制造商无论何时都倾向于合作,且当其掌握专利权时并不会主张专利保护来抵制再制造商,而是利用专利权迫使再制造商与其合作,此时制造商也愿意提升再制造品的市场认可度;合作模式下制造商将积极开展再制造设计工作,此时再制造设计水平和制造商利润达到最高,再制造商利润也高于专利保护的竞争模式;渠道总利润在不具专利保护的竞争模式下最低,在合作模式下最高,需避免缺乏专利保护的恶性竞争,并推动协同合作来保障供应链系统稳定发展。

关键词: 闭环供应链, 再制造设计, 竞争, 合作