Abstract: To practice smart manufacturing and promote deep fusion of aerospace industrialization and informationization,the digital twin based spacecraft system engineering was proposed.Related works of digital twin were analyzed,seven dimensions of spacecraft system engineering were synthesized,and the whole model and application framework of digital twin based spacecraft system engineering were established.According to the life cycle,five models and application frameworks evolved respectively in the stages of design,process,manufacturing/assemble,test and on-orbit operation.As for implementation approaches,the digital twinning system architecture was composed of physical layer,transport layer,data layer,model layer,service layer and application layer based on technology of Internet of things (IoT),big data,object linking and embedding for Process Control Unified Architecture (OPC UA),Systems Modeling Language (SysML),Model based definition (MBD),Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and so on.Digital twin based spacecraft system engineering was indeed effective in achieving bidirectional dynamic real-time cyber-physical interaction,fusion and collaboration in whole life of spacecraft,which could advance smart manufacturing in aerospace industry.

Key words: digital twin, spacecraft, systems engineering, intelligent manufacturing, product lifecycle, cyber-physical fusion, modeling

摘要： 为践行智能制造、推进航天工业化与信息化深度融合,提出了基于数字孪生的航天器系统工程。分析了数字孪生技术的相关研究成果,从7个维度对航天器系统工程进行综合,建立了基于数字孪生的航天器系统工程整体模型和应用框架,并按照生命周期进展演化为设计、工艺、制造/装配、试验/测试与在轨运行5个典型阶段模型和应用框架。在技术实现层面,基于物联网、大数据、用于过程控制的对象连接与嵌入统一架构、系统建模语言、基于模型的定义、面向服务的架构等先进技术,构建了由物理空间、传输层、数据层、模型层、服务层和应用层构成的数字孪生系统架构。基于数字孪生的航天器系统工程能够有效实现航天器研制全生命周期信息世界与物理世界的双向动态实时交互共融与协同,从而推进航天工业智能制造的发展。

关键词: 数字孪生, 航天器, 系统工程, 智能制造, 产品生命周期, 信息物理融合, 建模