关键词: 云制造, 定价博弈, 讨价还价, Stackelberg价格领导模型, 价格形成机制

Abstract: To explain the price formation mechanism and analyze the key impact factors of transactions in Cloud Manufacturing (CMfg) system,a model of price game among participates in CMfg system for small and medium enterprises was built.The price decisions and transaction conditions between cloud service agent (Agent) and the Resource Service Demander (RSD) were analyzed based on incomplete information bargaining model.The equilibrium prices between Resource Service Provider (RSP) and Agent were researched with Stackelberg price leadership model based on consideration of relation between bargaining and pricing.A numeric analysis was conducted to study the pricing differences under different game structures and analyze the impact of parameters on equilibrium prices.The results showed that Agent and RSP's prices were higher when they played the role of leaders.The rise in the Agent's estimation on transactions percentage in the second stage of bargaining process leaded to a significant drop in the Agent's price when it played the role of follower.The increases in RSD's estimation on the lower limit of the Agent's reserve price and the RSD's reserve price both contributd to the promotion of transactions,but the raise in the Agent's price had the opposite effect.

Key words: cloud manufacturing, price game, bargaining, Stackelbergprice leadership model, price formation mechanism