Abstract: The recycling,maintenance and repair of fault sharing bicycles directly influence user's travel experience,and also have corresponding operating costs.Aiming at minimizing the total operating cost,the selection conditions for options of three recycling strategies:direct shipment,transshipment and mixed strategy was studied with full loads in single operation region,and the recycling strategy options with optimal load sizes was further analyzed.The results showed that in each operation region,at least one pure strategy of direct shipment and transshipment was better than mixed strategy under both full load and optimal load sizes,and when the maintenance capacity was fixed,the direct transportation would become transshipment with the increasing of maintenance delay rate;compared with full loads,decision-makers had more opportunity to choose direct shipment with optimal loads;under the same pure recycling strategy,the larger the maintenance delay rate,the cost advantage of the optimal loads was greater than full loads.Each operation region had chosen the direct shipment or transshipment strategy respectively with optimal load sizes,and then the recycling strategy set of the whole network could be obtained.Under the certain maintenance capability,the change of the optimal recycling strategy set in whole network was analyzed with the increasing of the maintenance delay rate.

Key words: recycling strategies, sharing bicycle, operating cost, optimal shipment size

摘要： 故障共享单车的回收与维护修理会直接影响用户的出行体验,也有相应的运营成本。首先分析了共享单车企业的运营片区回收系统,以总运营成本最小为目标,提出满载装运下故障单车直运、转运和混合3种回收运输策略的选择条件,然后分析了最优装运量下的回收策略选择。研究结果表明,各运营片区中:①无论满载还是最优装运量,至少有一种纯策略会优于混合策略,且维修能力一定时,随着维修延误率的增大,直运会变为转运;②相比满载,最优装运量方式下的直运策略区间更大;③相同纯策略下,维修延误率越大,最优装运量比满载的成本优势越大。最后,在最优装运量装运方式下,每个片区分别选择直运或转运策略,就能得到全网络的回收策略集合,并分析了维修能力一定情况下,随着维修延误率的上升,全网络最优回收策略集合的变化。

关键词: 回收策略, 共享单车, 运营成本, 最优装运量