Abstract: The development of enabling technologies including big data,industrial Internet of things and artificial intelligence has promoted the deep integration of digital twins and high-end equipment operation and maintenance,which make the traditional regular-repair and failure-repair operation and maintenance mode upgrade to intelligent mode preventive-repair and state-repair,and has become a research hotspot in the field of intelligent operation and maintenance of high-end equipment.By fully using information such as mechanism models,real-time sensor data,historical data and expert knowledge and integrating modeling and simulation processes of multi-disciplinary,multi-variable,multi-level,multi-scale,multi-granularity and multi-probability,digital twin could accurately characterize data characteristics and perform efficient and accurate calculations,which achieved high-precision,high-reliability and high-credibility mapping and evolution of virtual and real space.It provided support for state assessment,fault warning and operation and maintenance decision-making of actual physical systems.The development status,key technologies and engineering applications of digital twin technology in high-end equipment intelligent operation and maintenance were reviewed,and the future challenges and difficulties were summarized.

Key words: digital twin, advanced equipment, intelligent operation and maintenance, fault diagnosis, fault warning

摘要： 大数据、工业物联网、人工智能等使能技术的发展促进了数字孪生与高端装备运维的深度融合,使得传统的“定期修”“故障修”运维模式向“预防修”“状态修”智能运维模式的升级,成为高端装备智能运维领域的研究热点。数字孪生充分利用机理模型、实时传感数据、历史数据以及专家知识等信息,集成多学科、多变量、多层次、多尺度、多粒度、多概率的建模仿真过程,准确表征数据特征并进行高效精准的计算分析,实现虚实空间的高精度、高可靠、高可信的映射及演化,为实际物理系统的状态评估、故障预警与运维决策提供支持。对数字孪生技术在高端装备智能运维领域的发展现状、关键技术及工程应用等进行了梳理,并对未来的挑战与难点进行了总结展望。

关键词: 数字孪生, 高端装备, 智能运维, 故障诊断, 故障预警