关键词: 列车, 故障相关性, 可靠性, 预防性维修, 多梯度机会维修

Abstract: In view of the problems of over-maintenance and under-maintenance in the current urban rail transit maintenance strategy and the single opportunity maintenance,a multi-component preventive multi-level opportunity maintenance strategy based on reliability was proposed.Based on the analysis of historical fault data,the different levels of opportunity maintenance thresholds were set for different components,and a flexible multi-level opportunity maintenance strategy was established.In addition,the fault rate increase factor and service age reduction factor were introduced into the maintenance strategy,and the optimal preventive maintenance cycle and maintenance times were obtained by combining failure maintenance,preventive maintenance,multi-level opportunity maintenance and preventive replacement according to the reliability.The maintenance of urban rail transit train doors was taken as an example,and the simulation results showed that compared with the single component sequential maintenance strategy,the multi-level opportunity maintenance strategy based on reliability proposed could effectively reduce parking times,save maintenance costs and improve operation efficiency.In an overview of the method,a scientific basis and theoretical reference could be provided to the opportunity maintenance of rail transit equipment.

Key words: train, fault correlation, reliability, preventive maintenance, multi-level opportunity maintenance