Abstract: Carbon quotas are the basis of carbon trading,and the effective carbon quotas are not to curb production,but to drive enterprises to implement emission reduction technologies.For the setting of carbon quota effectiveness,the carbon quota per unit product was designed and optimized,the effective range was obtained,and the key factors affecting its effectiveness were analyzed.The effective of carbon quotas indicated that the initial carbon emissions per unit product and the abatement cost coefficient were both key factors that affected the effectiveness of the carbon quota mechanism.Reasonably reduce carbon trading prices,increase non-abatement costs and price sensitivity would increase the effectiveness of the production carbon quota mechanism.When the emission reduction technology was improved and upgraded,the emission reduction cost coefficient would be reduced,and the free carbon quotas would be tightened,while the profits of manufacturers and retailers would be reduced.At this time,the government should actively encourage consumers to buy low-carbon products and increase market demand.

Key words: carbon quota mechanism, carbon emission reduction, carbon trading, emission reduction technology

摘要： 碳配额是碳交易的基础,有效的碳配额不是为了抑制生产,而是驱动企业实施低碳技术。针对碳配额有效性设定问题,设计优化了驱动企业降低单位产品的碳排放水平的碳配额机制,得到了碳配额机制有效区间,重点分析了影响碳配额有效性的关键因素。碳配额有效性表明,单位产品初始碳排放量和减排成本系数均是影响碳配额机制有效性的关键因素,合理降低碳交易价格、提高非减排成本和价格敏感性能增大产量碳配额机制的有效性。当减排技术得到改进与提升后,减排成本系数减小,政府单位产品免费碳配额量紧缩,但制造商和零售商利润都降低,此时政府应积极引导消费者购买低碳产品,提高市场需求量。

关键词: 碳配额机制, 碳减排, 碳交易, 减排技术