Abstract: To better understand the relationship between the new industrial revolution and Smart Manufacturing(SM)as well as to grasp SM development trend,a comprehensive review of existing different forms of the new industrial revolution and their characteristics was given,the impact of industrial revolutions and market demand on manufacturing paradigm evolution was analyzed,and the necessity of Long-Tail Manufacturing consisted of three basic production models that were mass production,mass customization and personalized production was addressed.Intelligent Manufacturing(IM)evolution was investigated along with Artificial Intelligence(AI)evolving from symbolic to computational.By taking Industry 4.0/Industrial Internet as an example,the relationship between the new industrial revolution and the next generation IM(i.e.SM)was analyzed,and further the development trend of SM was addressed.AI impact on the Long-Tail Manufacturing was analyzed emphatically and the study revealed the inevitable trend of manufacturing revolution from“Computer Plus ”towards“Internet Plus ”and“AI Plus”.

Key words: smart manufacturing, new industrial revolution, Industry 4.0, Industrial Internet, long-tail production, social-cyber-physical system

摘要： 为了更好地认识新工业革命和智能制造之间的关系,把握智能制造未来发展趋势,综合评述了现有不同形式的新工业革命及其特征,分析了工业革命和市场需求对制造模式演化的影响,论述了大规模生产、大规模定制和个性化生产3种基本生产方式所组成的长尾制造存在的必要性;探讨了智能制造随人工智能由符号智能向计算智能的演进技术路线;以工业4.0/工业互联网为例分析了新工业革命与新一代智能制造的关系,并进一步阐述了新一代智能制造的未来发展趋势;重点分析了人工智能对长尾生产方式的影响;揭示了制造业从“计算机+”走向“互联网+”和“人工智能+”发展的必然趋势。

关键词: 智能制造, 新工业革命, 工业4.0, 工业互联网, 长尾生产, 社会信息物理系统