Abstract: To solve the machining line balancing and setups problem of cylinder parts process planning,a new optimization method based on different setups planning constraints was presented.In the case of a certain number of machine tools,the machining line with different existing fixture combinations was optimized and analyzed.Operation cells were used to describe the operational attribution,and the constraints of process and workstation time under different setups combinations were introduced.By considering the number of workstations with the time of tool change and rotation in machine center,the optimization model was constructed aiming at minimizing cycle time,number of workstations and balancing quality of the line.A basic ant colony algorithm was modified,a greedy strategy was adopted and an elitist strategy was preserved to get the best solutions of different setups combination.The complex case was illustrated to prove the validity of the proposed method.

Key words: setups planning, line balancing, ant colony algorithm, greedy strategy

摘要： 针对缸体零件柔性机加工生产线工艺规划中的装夹选择和线平衡问题,提出一种基于不同装夹约束的生产线平衡优化算法,在机床总数确定的情况下,选择规划的装夹进行组合,对不同装夹组合下不同构型的生产线进行优化分析。该算法以加工元描述每个加工操作的属性,并在工艺约束的基础上引入不同装夹组合下的装夹约束和工位时间约束。综合考虑加工中心换刀、转位时间和不同构型下的工位数量,以节拍、工位数量和平衡率为目标建立优化模型。对基本蚁群算法进行改进,采用贪婪策略计算概率,利用精英保留,最终获得多个装夹组合方案下的生产线构型和最优解集。通过复杂实例验证了该方法的可行性和高效性。

关键词: 装夹规划, 生产线平衡, 蚁群算法, 贪婪策略