计算机集成制造系统 ›› 2019, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (第5): 1047-1054.DOI: 10.13196/j.cims.2019.05.002

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基于双目视觉的管路位姿测量

王治,刘检华,刘少丽+,任杰轩,吴天一   

  1. 北京理工大学机械与车辆学院数字化制造研究所
  • 出版日期:2019-05-31 发布日期:2019-05-31
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51875044);国防基础科研资助项目(JCKY2017204B502)。

Accurate measurement method of pipeline pose based on binocular vision

  • Online:2019-05-31 Published:2019-05-31
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation,China(No.51875044),and the National Defense Fundamental Research Foundation,China(No.JCKY2017204B502).

摘要: 针对管路位姿测量过程中管路的无纹理、少特征等难点,提出一种基于双目视觉的管路位姿精确测量方法。首先利用双目视觉原理从二维图像中计算管路的初始位姿;然后利用基于边缘像素点的位姿优化算法建立3D-2D的投影映射关系,通过优化边缘像素点到投影模型边缘的距离,对投影模型边缘和图像边缘进行拟合,从而优化管路初始位姿。本算法仅在投影模型边缘的一定区域内选取具有高灰度值梯度的像素点,从而增强算法的鲁棒性并提高计算效率。测量实验表明,该方法测量精度较高、操作简单、测量时间只需2 s~3 s,可有效提高管路位姿的测量精度及效率,满足工业应用需求。

关键词: 双目视觉, 管路, 边缘像素点, 位姿测量, 鲁棒性

Abstract: To address the problems such as texture-less and feature-less of pipe during the pose estimation,a novel method based on binocular vision was proposed.The principle of binocular vision was utilized to estimate the initial pose of pipe from 2D images.Then the 3D-2D mapping relationship was established by using the pose optimization algorithm based on the edge pixels.The model was fitted to the object in the images by optimizing the distance between the edge pixels and the projected model edges.To improve the robustness and efficiency of the algorithm,a limited number of pixels with high gray value gradients were selected only in a buffer around the projected model edges,and the pixels whose gradients were not perpendicular to the projected model edges were excluded.Experimental results showed that the method had high measurement accuracy and the measurement time was only 2-3s.The easy-operating and high efficiency of this method was proved as well,which enhanced the measurement accuracy effectively.

Key words: binocular vision, pipeline, edge pixels, pose measurement, robustness

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