关键词: 圆锥刀, 侧铣, 非可展直纹面, 刀轴轨迹规划, 粒子群优化算法

Abstract: Aiming at the tool axis trajectory planning problems for flank milling non-developable ruled surface with conical milling tools,a solution based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) was proposed.The distance from a certain point on tool axis to the conical surface was defined as the equivalent radius of that point,the differences between the distance of every point on tool axis to the ruled surface and the equivalent radius of that point was defined as the radius-distance deviation.On this basis,the optimal determination condition for every tool position was given correspondingly,which was the position and orientation of tool axis should meet the square sum of radius-distance deviation for every point on tool axis was minimum.By setting initial tool position as the reference,both end positions of tool axis could be adjusted locally through three dimensional small translations,and the adjusted position of tool axis could be described as a function of 6 translational parameters,thus the problem of tool envelope surface approximating to non-developable ruled surface was decomposed into the optimization problem of each pose parameter at every tool position.A solving strategy based on PSO method was presented,and specific realization steps were proposed.The example calculation indicated that PSO method could provide simple optimization process and stable result for single tool position optimization,which significantly reduced the surface envelope error of tool axis after optimization and provided certain theoretical basis for flank milling of non-developable ruled surface.

Key words: conical tools, flank milling, non-developable ruled surface, tool axis trajectory planning, particle swarm optimization