Abstract: To study the production and outsourcing decision problem,a supply chain network including multi-manufacturers,multi-contractors served for multi-markets was proposed.Manufacturers could choose in-house production and outsourcing,and Nash-Cournot equilibrium of firms and Bertrand-Nash equilibrium of contractors were analyzed.On this basis,the supply chain network equilibrium model under carbon emission abatement,production and price competition was developed.The awareness of carbon emission abatement for manufacturers,carbon emission tax and disrepute cost of carbon emission were considered in the model.To analyze the disrepute of carbon emission,a quantitative formula of average carbon emission abatement level was given.Meanwhile,a solution algorithm for the model was proposed.Numerical examples were solved by using the proposed model and algorithm,and the effect of awareness of carbon emission abatement,carbon emission tax on the production and outsourcing of manufacturers were illustrated.The result showed that without carbon emission tax,contractors were less active in reducing carbon emissions than manufacturers with the improvement of awareness for carbon emission abatement.Due to the manufacturers' attention to reputation,they would choose to increase the amount of in-house production and decrease the amount of outsourcing.In addition,if the carbon emission taxes were imposed,manufacturers and contractors would pay more attention to carbon emission abatement.To avoid paying high carbon tax,some manufacturers had chosen to decrease the amount of in-house production and increase the amount of outsourcing.

Key words: competetion environment, supply chain network, outsourcing, carbon emission abatement, variationary inequality, disrepute cost

摘要： 为研究生产与外包决策问题,构建了多制造商、多承包商服务于多市场的复杂供应链网络,制造商可内部生产也可选择外包;分析制造商间的Nash-Cournot均衡及承包商间的Bertrand-Nash均衡,建立了碳减排、产量及价格竞争下的供应链网络均衡模型,模型中考虑了碳减排意识与碳税,并引入碳减排声誉成本。为分析产品碳减排的声誉,给出了平均碳减排水平的量化公式,提出均衡模型的求解算法,并通过算例分析了碳减排意识及碳税对制造商生产与外包决策的影响。结果表明,无碳税约束下,随着碳减排意识的提高,承包商减排积极性低于制造商。由于制造商对声誉的重视,其会选择增加内部生产量,减少外包量;在碳税制约下,制造商和承包商均会提高对碳减排的关注,部分制造商为避免支付高额的碳税,会选择减少内部生产量并增加外包量。

关键词: 竞争环境, 供应链网络, 外包, 碳减排, 变分不等式, 声誉成本