Abstract: To research the cutting simulation that considered key factors such as the spindle motion error and assemblage errors of tool holder and tool,based on analyzing the spindle motion error and the tool clamping error,the motion mathematical model of milling cutter's tool axis was carried out.The motion track of SPN 300 spindle dynamic error analyzer's sphere ball was treated as the motion track of milling cutter to validate this model.Owing to the advantage of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for multi-objective optimization problem with different constraints,PSO was presented for searching the optimum parameters in the feasible area.The results showed that the measuring data was in concordance with the theoretical results and the calibration method had a good performance on accuracy and robustness.

Key words: metal cutting, spindle, tool axis, particle swarm optimization

摘要： 为了研究综合考虑机床主轴运动误差、刀柄与弹簧夹头安装误差等因素的切削仿真,将机床主轴的角接触轴承、刀柄、弹簧夹头的安装与制造误差作为影响铣削刀具轴线运动的主要因素,建立了铣削刀具轴线的运动数学模型。将SPN 300型主轴动态误差分析仪金属标准球的运动轨迹作为反映铣削刀具轴线的运动轨迹,对模型进行了实验验证。考虑到粒子群算法对不同复杂约束条件下的多目标优化问题具有较强的适用性与简便性,使用粒子群算法标定模型中的未知参数。实验结果显示,所建立模型与实际测量结果相符,且所提标定方法具有较强适应性。

关键词: 金属切削, 机床主轴, 刀具轴线, 粒子群算法