Abstract: The quality of laser cladding layer is directly related to the laser cladding process parameters.To obtain reasonable process parameters for improving the quality of the cladding layer,a Whale Optimization Algorithm based on Chaotic search strategy (CWOA) laser cladding process parameter optimization method was proposed.For the influence of process parameters on the dilution rate,aspect ratio and microhardness of the molten layer,L25(53) orthogonal experiments were designed for laser melting of 15-5PH powder on the surface of 12Cr13 stainless steel as an example.Based on the experimental results,a fitted regression mathematical model of process parameters and molten layer quality was constructed,and the multi-objective optimization problem was transformed into a single-objective problem by combining weights of Analytic Hierarchical Process and Coefficient of Variation (AHP-CV),and the CWOA algorithm was used to realize the process parameters optimization.The superiority and accuracy of the CWOA algorithm were verified by comparison with the WOA algorithm.The results showed that the proposed method could obtain ideal dilution rate,aspect ratio and microhardness with high accuracy,which was a good guide for production practice.

Key words: laser cladding, whale optimization algorithm based on chaotic search strategy, process parameters optimization, analytic hierarchical process and coefficient of variation weights

摘要： 激光熔覆层的质量与激光熔覆工艺参数直接相关。为了获得合理的工艺参数以提高熔覆层质量,提出一种基于混沌搜索策略的鲸鱼优化算法(CWOA)激光熔覆工艺参数优化方法。针对工艺参数对熔覆层稀释率、宽高比、显微硬度的影响,以12Cr13不锈钢表面激光熔覆15-5PH粉末为例,设计L25(53)正交实验;基于实验结果构建工艺参数与熔覆层质量的拟合回归数学模型,通过层次分析法与变异系数法组合权重(AHP-CV)将多目标优化问题转化为单目标问题,并采用CWOA算法实现工艺参数优化;通过与鲸鱼优化算法(WOA)的对比,验证CWOA算法的优越性与准确性。结果表明,所提方法可以获得理想的稀释率、宽高比和显微硬度,具有较高的准确性,对生产实践具有很好的指导作用。

关键词: 激光熔覆, 基于混沌搜索策略的鲸鱼优化算法, 工艺参数优化, 层次分析法与变异系数法组合权重