Abstract: To study man hour of mass customization production with “man-machine-operation”,the characteristics of parts,the use of task elements and the process of operation were analyzed.A method of calculating man hour based on multi-level complexity of “part feature-task element-operator cognition” was proposed.According to the level of parts feature,the topological structure complexity and process complexity were measured by the topological structure,the precision grade and the cutting quantity.According to the level of task elements and operator cognition,the equipment,site and personnel operation cognition process under different process types were analyzed.The information entropy was introduced to evaluate the complexity of task elements and operation cognition.Considering the impact of processing batch and multi-level complexity calculation,through multivariate nonlinear regression analysis,the prediction model of man hour quota was researched.A case study of a manufacturing enterprise and the comparative experiment with MOD verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Key words: task feature analysis, complexity evaluation, part feature, task elements, operator cognition, man hour evaluation

摘要： 为研究“人—机—操作”大规模定制生产模式下的工时定额,综合分析生产过程中零件自身特征、作业要素使用和操作执行过程,提出一种基于“零件特征—作业要素—操作者认知”多层次复杂度的工时定额计算方法。针对零件特征层,利用拓扑结构、精度等级和切削量等参数衡量零件的拓扑结构复杂度和工艺属性复杂度;针对作业要素层和操作者认知层,分析了不同工艺类型下的设备、场地等作业要素和人员操作认知过程,引入信息熵评价生产要素复杂度和操作认知复杂度。在此基础上综合考虑加工批量的影响,通过多层次复杂度计算,借助多元非线性回归分析研究了工时定额预测模型。针对某生产企业开展案例分析,并与模特法进行对比实验,验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。

关键词: 作业特征分析, 复杂度评价, 零件特征, 作业要素, 操作者认知, 工时评价