Abstract: Aiming at the five-axis machining operation of rough castings deburring in automobile industry,a teaching-programing technology for spatial curve based on ordinary five-axis machine tools was proposed.Some typical key points of spatial contour curves on the part were obtained through machine tools in a certain way,and five-axis kinematic model was used to transfer these points into the cutting location points and the tool orientation vectors in the work-piece coordinate system.The accumulated chord length cubic spline method was applied to obtain spatial curve interpolation and tool orientation smoothing,thus the original contour curve was approached by a series of continuous linear segments.Five-axis inverse kinematics was used to obtain the translation or rotation amplitude of every axis on the machine tool,and output the standardized program code was output.The result of NC-Simulation in Vericut testified the feasibility of teaching-programing method.Furthermore,an experiment of exhaust manifold rough casting deburring was successfully conducted on a five-axis machine tool.The traditional NC-programming procedure was simplified and diversified.

Key words: five-axis machining, rough castings deburring, teaching-programing, spline interpolation

摘要： 针对汽车铸锻件毛坯飞边的五轴机床切削清理工序,提出一种空间曲线示教编程方法。首先取得待加工曲线轮廓轨迹上的若干示教点,经过五轴的运动学变换后得到各点在加工坐标系中的刀位点及刀轴矢量,对其进行累加弦长三次参数样条插值,获得密化的连续光顺插值点,以小直线段插补连接相邻插值点逼近原轮廓曲线,并进行逆运动学求解,得到机床坐标系下各轴的移动量,最后格式化输出可被数控机床直接识别的加工代码。通过Vericut五轴仿真验证了算法的可行性,并在机床上进行了发动机排气歧管铸件毛坯飞边的铣削实验,实现了空间曲线五轴加工的示教编程,简化了编程步骤,丰富了数控编程方式。

关键词: 五轴加工, 飞边清理, 示教编程, 样条插值