Abstract: To acquire the demand information comprehensively and facilitate demand information reuse,the research of acquisition and expression of user requirements were carried on based on user's cognitive process,ontology and development law of requirements.According to the expression and existing condition of user requirements,the acquisition strategy based on requirements classification was proposed.A multi-dimensional ontology model of user demand was built to describe the user requirements,which also facilitated further accession to potential requirements.Based on cognitive process,user requirements could be divided into three levels:instinct,behavior,reflect.A case on the demand acquisition of automobile steering system was taken as an example to validate the effectiveness of the model.

Key words: user, requirement, acquisition strategy, ontology, cognitive process, steering gear

摘要： 为解决需求信息获取欠充分和重用率低的问题,基于用户需求属性、需求本体及认知过程,研究了需求的获取与表达。依据需求的表述—存在状态,提出需求分类获取策略,以更充分地获取用户需求;构建了多维度用户需求本体模型,以规范化表达用户需求并实现需求联想;基于认知过程,将用户需求分为本能、行为、思维三个层次,建立器官、过程和环境拓展模型,挖掘各层次需求。以新型汽车线控转向系统的需求获取为例,验证了基于本体的多维度用户需求获取方法的可行性。

关键词: 用户需求, 获取策略, 本体, 认知过程, 转向器