Abstract: Based on analyzing the thermal characteristic of machine tool spindle,an exponential thermal error compensation model of machine tool spindle was presented.This compensation model could be easily and quickly implemented in production with little investment of manpower and time.The deformation of the spindle at various rotational speeds was obtained by measuring experiment.Estimating equations of the spindle deformation under steady state and time constant were established with method of least squares and regression analysis.A thermal error compensation model which could predict the spindle deformation under various rotational speeds was developed.The effectiveness of the compensation model under constant speed and variable speed working conditions was verified by experiment.

Key words: thermal compensation model, thermal deformation, exponential function, thermal characteristics of machine tool

摘要： 在对机床主轴进行热特性分析的基础上,建立了基于指数函数的机床主轴轴向热误差补偿模型。该热误差补偿模型建模时间短、资金成本低,能够方便快捷地应用到工厂生产环境中。通过实验获得不同转速下的主轴轴向热变形数据。使用回归分析和最小二乘法建立了稳定状态下主轴轴向变形量和时间常数的估计方程,进而建立了基于指数函数的热误差补偿模型。该模型可以预测不同转速下主轴的轴向变形量。通过实验证明了该热补偿模型在机床主轴恒速运转和变速运转两种工况下均具有较高的精度。

关键词: 热补偿模型, 热变形, 指数函数, 机床热特性