关键词: 车辆路径问题, 三维装载约束, CW-NSGA-II混合算法, 运输资源共享, 车辆装载率

Abstract: To overcome the shortcomings of the vehicle routing problems incorporated with three-dimensional loading and transportation resource sharing,a vehicle routing optimization strategy with transportation resource sharing was proposed based on the three-dimensional loading constraint.The multiple service periods were determined based on the customers' geographical location and service time windows,and a bi-objective optimization model was established to achieve the minimization of the total operating cost and the number of vehicles in multiple service periods.A Clarke-Wright—fast elitist Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm(CW-NSGA-II)algorithm combined with three-dimension k-means clustering was designed to find the optimal solution.With the introduction of the Clarke Wright(CW)algorithm,the proposed hybrid algorithm could improve the quality of the initial generated solution and enhance the capacities of global and local searching.A real-world case was employed to verify the proposed method,and the vehicle routing optimization scheme based on the transportation resource sharing with the three-dimensional loading constraint was presented.The comparisons of the total logistics operating cost,the number of vehicles,the average vehicle loading rate and the average vehicle using frequency under different compartment space partition modes were analyzed.The results showed that dividing the compartment space of vehicles according to the number of types and specifications of goods required by customers could effectively reduce the total logistics operating cost,reduce the number of distribution vehicles,increase the frequency of vehicle sharing and effectively improve the average loading rate of vehicles.This study provided some related reference and method support for optimizing three-dimensional loading and logistics networks based on transportation resource sharing.

Key words: vehicle routing problem, three-dimensional loading, clarke wright-fast elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm, transportation resource sharing, vehicle loading rate