关键词: 订货量变化, 变动成本, 预优化, 实时调整, 降序最佳适应插入算法, 车辆路径问题

Abstract: To meet the changed customers'order quantities in actual distribution and to control the effect of real time scheme adjustment on distribution efficiency and cost,the concept of change cost was proposed,and a two-stage mathematical model of the vehicle routing problem with change restriction of ordering quantity real-time adjustment was presented by introducing the pre-optimizing strategy.A two-phase solving algorithm was also designed.Particle swarm optimization was applied to solve the model of pre-optimizing phase,and a modified best fit decreasing insert algorithm from bin packing problem was used to calculate real-time adjusting phase model.The effectiveness of two-phase model and algorithm was verified through testing standard case library and cigarette distribution in Jinan and comparing with other approaches.

Key words: order quantity change, change cost, pre-optimize, real-time adjustment, best fit decreasing insert algorithm, vehicle routing problem