Abstract: The process of multi-track laser cladding is complex and coupling,and the quality of the cladding layer is directly affected by the process parameters.To determine the optimal process parameters,multi-track laser cladding M2 alloy powder on the surface of 45 steel was taken as an example.According to the effects of process parameters on the width,surface roughness and dilution rate of the cladding layer,the corresponding center composite experiments were designed.The comprehensive evaluation degree of cladding layer quality was established by Grey Relational Analysis (GRA),the multi-objective optimization problem was transformed into a single objective,and the prediction model was established by Response Surface Methodology (RSM).Adaptive Chaos Differential Evolution (ACDE) algorithm was used to optimize the process parameters to maximize the comprehensive evaluation degree.The experiment results showed that the proposed method was effective,the optimal cladding layer width,surface roughness and dilution could be obtained by using the optimized process parameters,which was helpful to improve the quality of the cladding layer.

Key words: laser cladding, grey relational analysis, adaptive chaotic differential evolution, process parameter optimization, multi-track joined

摘要： 多道搭接激光熔覆工艺具有复杂性与耦合性,熔覆层质量受到工艺参数的直接影响。为确定最佳的工艺参数,以45钢表面多道搭接激光熔覆M2合金粉末为例,针对工艺参数对熔覆层宽度、表面平整度和稀释率的影响,设计相应的中心复合实验;通过灰色关联分析(GRA)建立熔覆层质量综合评价度,将多目标优化问题转化为单目标,并采用响应面分析法建立其预测模型;为达到综合评价度最大,采用自适应混沌差分进化(ACDE)算法实现工艺参数寻优。实验结果表明了所提方法的有效性,采用优化后的工艺参数,可以获得理想的熔覆层宽度、表面平整度和稀释率,有助于提高熔覆层质量。

关键词: 激光熔覆, 灰色关联分析, 自适应混沌差分进化, 工艺参数优化, 多道搭接