Abstract: Aiming at the special demands for freight rails speeding up,the sufficient safety and stability margin must be required in the developments of light rail freight vehicles to guarantee the rotational resistance moment effectiveness in suppressing instability hunting oscillations.Both analysis of rapid covered car rigid-flex coupling simulations and full vehicle vibrating testing measuring indicated that the secondary suspensions made of hollow rubber springs had the unstable mechanical properties,by which the serious wears would be caused in wheel-rail contact due to the elastic supporting instability of bolsters,or the Sierra locks would be failed due to the lateral resonances of side-doors.The dynamical designs for rapid/ high-speed freight bogies should therefore grasp the dialectical relation of regularity/singularity perturbations with the input/correlative excitations.Furthermore,the uniform,stable and rapid wear regulations could be better followed depending on the variations of safety and stability margins.According to the anti-hunting absorbing-band mechanism,the ideal configuration of bolsterless bogies was formulated,by which the requirements of low dynamical interactions could be met fully.Meanwhile,the secondary combined suspensions of hollow rubber springs and diaphragm type airsprings would be one of the main characteristics of passenger car new trend represented in the technical innovation or renovation for freight bogies speeding up.

Key words: light rail freight vehicles, rapid/high speed freight bogies, low dynamical interactions in tare loopback, wheelset self-stability, rotation resistance moment effectiveness

摘要： 针对铁路货运提速的特殊需求,轻型铁路货运车辆必须以较充裕的安全稳定裕度来确保回转阻力矩能够有效抑制不稳定蛇行振荡。快运棚车刚柔耦合仿真与整车台架振动试验均表明,二系空心橡胶堆悬挂具有不稳定的力学性质,其或因摇枕不稳定造成十分严重的轮轨磨耗,或因侧门横向共振导致塞拉锁定失效。快捷/高速货运转向架动态设计采用输入/相关激励来把握正则/奇异摄动相互转变的辩证关系,依据安全稳定裕度变化更好地遵循均匀、稳定和快速磨耗规律。根据抗蛇行频带吸能机制制订了无摇枕转向架理想配置方案,该方案完全满足空车回送低动力作用的要求。二系空心橡胶堆与膜式空簧组合悬挂将成为提速货车转向架客车化新趋势的主要特征。

关键词: 轻型铁路货运车辆, 快捷/高速货运转向架, 空车回送低动力作用, 轮对自稳定性, 回转阻力矩有效性