Abstract: The shovel performance of loader bucket was an important factor in determining the traction performance and overall parameters of the loader,and the bucket shape size has a significant impact on the shovel performance.To design a reasonable bucket shape to reduce the shovel resistance and improve the shovel performance,the more accurate and reproducible working resistance was obtained from the perspective of bulk mechanics based on the discrete element method,and the influence of cutting edge on the performance of shovel loading was revealed on this basis.A new method for cutting edge and parameter design of the bucket under the premise of satisfying the design of bucket bucket capacity was proposed.The existing shovel performance evaluation and analysis of several cutting edges were analyzed,which had provided guidance and reference methods for the selection of cutting edges for different material environments.The proposed method was used to design the shape of cutting edge of the bucket,which had provided new ideas for the influence of bucket parameters and design research,and had certain guiding significance for the enterprise optimization design and production practice.

Key words: loader, bucket, cutting edge shape, shovel resistance, shovel performance

摘要： 装载机铲斗的铲装性能是确定装载机牵引性能和整体参数的重要因素,铲斗形状尺寸对铲装性能具有明显的影响。为设计合理的铲斗形状以减少铲装阻力,提高铲装性能,首先基于离散元素法,从散体力学的角度获取更为精确可重复性的作业阻力,并以此为依据揭示切削刃对铲装性能的影响。提出在满足铲斗斗容设计的前提下,铲斗切削刃和参数设计的新方法,并对现有几种切削刃进行了铲装性能的评估分析,为面向不同物料环境下切削刃的选择提供了指导依据和参考方法。利用该方法对铲斗切削刃形状进行设计探讨,为铲斗参数影响和设计研究提供了新思路,对企业优化设计与生产实践具有一定指导意义。

关键词: 装载机, 铲斗, 切削刃形状, 铲装阻力, 铲装性能