Abstract: To ensure the manufacturing accuracy and the coordination accuracy of deepholes in the large aircraft assembly process,an optimized posture evaluation method was proposed.The optimized posture evaluation model was established to minimize assembly error with tolerance requirements,which were made of 3D deviation of manufacture points and relative position deviation of coordination deep holes.The model was solved by Lagrange multiplier and the particle swarm optimization method,and its initial value was provided by Singular Value Decomposition(SVD) method.The optimized position and orientation of large component was obtained,which satisfied the tolerance requirements and minimized the deviations of deep holes in its axis direction.The simulation case showed that the proposed method could coordinate the deviations of deep holes by comparing with the traditional SVD-based evaluation method.

Key words: manufacture accuracy, assembly error, deep-hole butt joint, optimized posture, particle swarm optimization

摘要： 为了实现飞机大部件的最佳位姿装配、保证装配精度,提出一种基于制造准确度与对接深孔协调准确度的大部件位姿优化算法。以制造特征点的三维相对偏差和协调深孔的位置相对偏差的加权组合为变量,建立部件装配误差评价目标函数;以最小的装配误差为优化目标,将装配过程中对应对接深孔之间轴线的相对偏差为约束条件,建立飞机大部件数字化装配姿态评价的最优化数学模型。对于模型的求解,以奇异值分解算法计算结果作为初值,采用Lagrange法结合粒子群算法进行求解,得到部件的最优位姿,使部件在满足制造准确度的同时对接深孔孔轴方向的偏差最小,满足装配的要求。通过在飞机数字化装配中的运用并与奇异值分解算法进行比较,验证了该算法的有效性。

关键词: 制造准确度, 装配误差, 对接深孔, 最优位姿, 粒子群算法